group familyperiod alkali metal alkaline earthmetal halogen noble gasmetal nonmetal semimetalvalence electron abbreviated electronconfiguration noble gas inner core

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Notes: (5-2)The routine Table:Our present periodic table lists 109 elements. Itis i ordered it according to the routine law: Elements room arranged in stimulate of raising atomic number, your physical and also chemical properties display a periodic pattern.

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Elements the have similar properties space arranged in groups or families - upright columns The horizontal rows are referred to as periods.

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Each duration contains more elements 보다 the vault one. This has to do with the increasing power levels (n=1, ...) that the atom.
duration 1 - 2 elements
period 2 & 3 - 8 elements
period 4 & 5 - 18 elements
period 6 - 32 elements

Labeling and also Naming:

There are at this time 3 number is numbered schemes used in chemistry for the orderingof groups.

Roman - IA - VIIIA & IB-VIIIB
Arabic - 1A-2A, 3B-8B, 1B-2B, 3A-8A
Number - 1-18

Families:

1A - alkali metals
2A - alkaline earth metals
7A - halogens
8A - noble gases
4A - sometimes known as the Carbon group

Exception - Hydrogen deserve to be better placed in team 7A. Although,some books place it in both.

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Metals & Non-metals:

Metals include the areas shaded light blue andinclude the family members 1A & 2A. Castle share countless characteristics.

luster (shine)
good conductors that heat and electricity
typically solid in ~ room temperature
most space malleable and also ductile

Non-metals are shaded irradiate red in many periodictables and type a diagonal from C-6 to Rn-86 and include every the aspects ofthat edge including H. Castle share some of these characteristics.

do not possess luster
poor conductors that heat and also electricity
neither easy or ductile
many room gasses in ~ room temperature
can it is in solid, semisolid, gas, or fluid (Br). One is the hardest material on Earth

Semimetals or metalloids room shaded irradiate lightpurple in most periodic tables type a diagonal from B-5 come At-85 and include allthe aspects Ge-32 and Sb-51. Lock share few of thesecharacteristics.

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have some properties the metals and also some of non-metals

Electron Configuration:

As friend learned earlier, the variety of protons inan atom is equal to the number of electrons in the atom if it is neutral.The regular table enables you to predict the bonding of one atom by permitting youto see the variety of electrons in the valence orbital. The valence orbitalis the highest, outermost orbital of the atom and also is the just one associated inthe bonding the the atom. Right here are some clues for predicting valenceelectrons:

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Elements of the same group (column) have actually the same valence electrons or configuration
s-block is group 1A & 2A
p-block is group 3A come 8A
These room the representative facets or main group elements
d-block is group 3B come 2B (look at the routine table above because the numbers room not sequential)
These space the shift metals
f-block is located below the key table
These room the inner transition metals or rare earth elements

To save space on electron configuration notationyou can use the abbreviation notation by listing the inner gas core and also then thevalence electrons.